2 graph.c -- graph algorithms
3 Copyright (C) 2014 Guus Sliepen <guus@meshlink.io>
5 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 (at your option) any later version.
10 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 GNU General Public License for more details.
15 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
16 with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
17 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 /* We need to generate two trees from the graph:
22 1. A minimum spanning tree for broadcasts,
23 2. A single-source shortest path tree for unicasts.
25 Actually, the first one alone would suffice but would make unicast packets
26 take longer routes than necessary.
28 For the MST algorithm we can choose from Prim's or Kruskal's. I personally
29 favour Kruskal's, because we make an extra AVL tree of edges sorted on
30 weights (metric). That tree only has to be updated when an edge is added or
31 removed, and during the MST algorithm we just have go linearly through that
32 tree, adding safe edges until #edges = #nodes - 1. The implementation here
33 however is not so fast, because I tried to avoid having to make a forest and
36 For the SSSP algorithm Dijkstra's seems to be a nice choice. Currently a
37 simple breadth-first search is presented here.
39 The SSSP algorithm will also be used to determine whether nodes are directly,
40 indirectly or not reachable from the source. It will also set the correct
41 destination address and port of a node if possible.
46 #include "connection.h"
51 #include "meshlink_internal.h"
59 /* Implementation of Kruskal's algorithm.
61 Please note that sorting on weight is already done by add_edge().
64 static void mst_kruskal(meshlink_handle_t *mesh) {
65 /* Clear MST status on connections */
67 for list_each(connection_t, c, mesh->connections) {
68 c->status.mst = false;
71 logger(mesh, MESHLINK_DEBUG, "Running Kruskal's algorithm:");
73 /* Clear visited status on nodes */
75 for splay_each(node_t, n, mesh->nodes) {
76 n->status.visited = false;
81 for splay_each(edge_t, e, mesh->edges) {
82 if(e->from->status.reachable) {
83 e->from->status.visited = true;
92 for splay_each(edge_t, e, mesh->edges) {
93 if(!e->reverse || (e->from->status.visited == e->to->status.visited)) {
98 e->from->status.visited = true;
99 e->to->status.visited = true;
102 e->connection->status.mst = true;
105 if(e->reverse->connection) {
106 e->reverse->connection->status.mst = true;
109 logger(mesh, MESHLINK_DEBUG, " Adding edge %s - %s weight %d", e->from->name, e->to->name, e->weight);
113 next = mesh->edges->head;
118 /* Implementation of a simple breadth-first search algorithm.
122 static void sssp_bfs(meshlink_handle_t *mesh) {
123 list_t *todo_list = list_alloc(NULL);
125 /* Clear visited status on nodes */
127 for splay_each(node_t, n, mesh->nodes) {
128 n->status.visited = false;
129 n->status.indirect = true;
133 /* Begin with mesh->self */
135 mesh->self->status.visited = true;
136 mesh->self->status.indirect = false;
137 mesh->self->nexthop = mesh->self;
138 mesh->self->prevedge = NULL;
139 mesh->self->via = mesh->self;
140 mesh->self->distance = 0;
141 list_insert_head(todo_list, mesh->self);
143 /* Loop while todo_list is filled */
145 for list_each(node_t, n, todo_list) { /* "n" is the node from which we start */
146 logger(mesh, MESHLINK_DEBUG, " Examining edges from %s", n->name);
148 if(n->distance < 0) {
152 for splay_each(edge_t, e, n->edge_tree) { /* "e" is the edge connected to "from" */
161 ----->(n)---e-->(e->to)
165 Where e is an edge, (n) and (e->to) are nodes.
166 n->address is set to the e->address of the edge left of n to n.
167 We are currently examining the edge e right of n from n:
169 - If edge e provides for better reachability of e->to, update
170 e->to and (re)add it to the todo_list to (re)examine the reachability
174 bool indirect = n->status.indirect || e->options & OPTION_INDIRECT;
176 if(e->to->status.visited
177 && (!e->to->status.indirect || indirect)
178 && (e->to->distance != n->distance + 1 || e->weight >= e->to->prevedge->weight)) {
182 e->to->status.visited = true;
183 e->to->status.indirect = indirect;
184 e->to->nexthop = (n->nexthop == mesh->self) ? e->to : n->nexthop;
186 e->to->via = indirect ? n->via : e->to;
187 e->to->options = e->options;
188 e->to->distance = n->distance + 1;
190 if(!e->to->status.reachable || (e->to->address.sa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC && e->address.sa.sa_family != AF_UNKNOWN)) {
191 update_node_udp(mesh, e->to, &e->address);
194 list_insert_tail(todo_list, e->to);
197 next = node->next; /* Because the list_insert_tail() above could have added something extra for us! */
198 list_delete_node(todo_list, node);
201 list_free(todo_list);
204 static void check_reachability(meshlink_handle_t *mesh) {
205 /* Check reachability status. */
207 for splay_each(node_t, n, mesh->nodes) {
208 if(n->status.visited != n->status.reachable) {
209 n->status.reachable = !n->status.reachable;
210 n->last_state_change = mesh->loop.now.tv_sec;
212 if(n->status.reachable) {
213 logger(mesh, MESHLINK_DEBUG, "Node %s became reachable", n->name);
215 logger(mesh, MESHLINK_DEBUG, "Node %s became unreachable", n->name);
218 /* TODO: only clear status.validkey if node is unreachable? */
220 n->status.validkey = false;
221 sptps_stop(&n->sptps);
222 n->status.waitingforkey = false;
225 n->status.udp_confirmed = false;
230 timeout_del(&mesh->loop, &n->mtutimeout);
232 update_node_status(mesh, n);
234 if(!n->status.reachable) {
235 update_node_udp(mesh, n, NULL);
236 n->status.broadcast = false;
238 } else if(n->connection) {
239 if(n->connection->outgoing) {
240 send_req_key(mesh, n);
247 void graph(meshlink_handle_t *mesh) {
249 check_reachability(mesh);